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Medial collateral ligament injury

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Updated Sep 2026
Illustration: knee

What you're feeling

The medial collateral ligament sits on the inner side of your knee. It can be injured when your knee is pushed inwards, or when you twist without anything hitting you. Lower-grade injuries usually happen with a twist. Higher-grade injuries usually follow a direct hit to the outside of your thigh or upper leg.

You will feel pain on the inner side of your knee, along the line of the ligament. The knee may also feel loose or unsteady, especially when you put weight on it. Swelling that appears straight away is worth flagging to your surgeon, because it can point to other injuries inside the knee, such as a torn cruciate ligament, a fracture, or a kneecap that has slipped out of place.

Some tasks become harder with this injury. Walking on uneven ground can feel wobbly. Standing up from a low chair puts load through the inner knee. Turning or pivoting on the sore leg, like stepping around someone in a hallway, can bring the pain on. Stairs often need care, because each step asks the inner knee to hold steady.

The pain tends to flare after activity, once the knee has been working for a while. It can also ache at night, particularly in the first days after the injury. Resting the leg and avoiding twisting movements usually settles it down.

If your knee feels loose when it is slightly bent, that fits with this ligament being stretched or torn. If it feels loose when your leg is completely straight, that can mean other ligaments at the back or centre of the knee are involved too. Your surgeon will check both positions to work out how much of the knee is affected.

Scans help confirm what is going on. An MRI can show where the ligament is torn and whether the meniscus or other structures inside the knee are injured as well. X-rays are checked for fracture, small bone fragments pulled off by the injury, and calcification in the ligament from older injuries.

What's actually happening

The medial collateral ligament is a strong band of tissue running down the inner side of your knee, from your thigh bone to your shin bone. Think of it as one of the guy ropes holding a tent steady. When your knee is pushed inwards or twisted, that rope gets stretched or torn. The tear most often happens where the ligament attaches to the thigh bone, and that spot has a good blood supply, which is why these injuries usually heal well on their own.

Doctors grade the injury by how loose the knee feels. A grade 1 injury means the ligament is stretched but still doing its job. Grade 2 means it is partly torn and the knee feels loose. Grade 3 means the ligament is torn right through and the knee feels very unsteady. Most grade 1 and 2 injuries settle without surgery. Higher-grade injuries are more likely to involve other ligaments in the knee, especially the cruciate ligament in the centre, and that combination is what often tips the decision towards surgery.

When the inner ligament is badly torn, the knee can open up on the inner side when stressed. Other structures, including the cruciate ligament, normally help hold things steady, so a tear in more than one place makes the knee feel much looser than a tear in one place alone. Some people also injure the padding between the bones, called the meniscus, though this is less common with this injury.

If the injury happened a long time ago and never healed properly, the body can lay down small deposits of calcium in the ligament near the thigh bone. That shows up on an X-ray and is a sign of an old, ongoing problem rather than a fresh one.

What we can do about it

Most medial collateral ligament injuries do not need surgery. We usually start with bracing and physiotherapy. A hinged knee brace supports the inner side of the knee while the ligament heals. Physiotherapy aims to settle pain, restore movement and rebuild the strength that keeps the knee steady. Many injuries settle over weeks rather than months, and we review how you are tracking along the way.

Pain relief is straightforward. Simple pain medication and anti-inflammatories, taken as directed, help you stay comfortable and keep moving while the ligament heals.

Surgery is considered when the knee stays unsteady despite bracing and physiotherapy, or when other ligaments inside the knee are injured at the same time. A badly torn ligament that has pulled off a piece of bone, or a knee that gives way because more than one ligament is torn, may need repair or reconstruction early rather than after a wait. In those cases we operate to reattach or rebuild the torn ligaments so the knee is stable again. The operation itself has its own page, and we will talk through what it involves before any decision is made.

What to expect

Most of these injuries settle well. Lower-grade injuries usually heal without surgery, over weeks rather than months. The pain eases first, then the strength and steadiness come back as you work through physiotherapy. Many people are back to normal walking and daily tasks well before the ligament is fully healed.

If the injury is more severe, or other ligaments in the knee are torn at the same time, the outlook depends on getting the right treatment early. When the inner ligament and a cruciate ligament are both injured, treatment aimed at both together gives results similar to treating a cruciate ligament injury on its own. Some people with this combination return to their previous level of sport.

If a knee that is loose in more than one direction is left alone, the looseness tends to persist. The knee can remain unsteady during twisting or pivoting, and the cartilage surfaces can wear unevenly over time. Surgery to rebuild the loose ligaments can restore steadiness, and many people return to daily activities and low-level sport afterwards.

Recovery after surgery takes longer than recovery from the injury itself. It is normal for the knee to feel stiff and tight in the early weeks, and it takes months of physiotherapy to rebuild strength. Some people are left with a knee that does not feel quite the same as before, even after a good result. Surgery on several ligaments at once carries more risk than surgery on one, including infection, stiffness, wound problems and injury to a nerve at the outside of the knee that can cause numbness or weakness in the foot.

Be wary of expecting a quick fix. The ligament usually heals reliably, but the knee can take months to feel strong and trustworthy again. If you have had knee ligament surgery before, your knee may not feel quite as steady as it once did. We will talk through your own outlook at your review appointments, once we know exactly which structures are injured and how you are tracking.

When to see someone

See your GP if you have pain on the inner side of your knee after a twist or a knock, and it is not settling with rest over the first couple of weeks. Ask for a specialist review if your knee feels loose or gives way when you walk, turn or pivot, or if it keeps swelling after activity. Go to an emergency department if your knee swells immediately after the injury, if it feels loose when your leg is completely straight, or if your foot feels numb, weak or cold, as these can point to other ligaments being torn, a fracture, a kneecap that has slipped out of place, or a nerve problem that needs checking straight away.

Reviewed by AI synthesis (v2) — pending human review · 9 September 2026.

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Evidence & references

This is the clinical evidence summary written for health professionals. It is technical, and it lists the research this page was built from. You do not need to read it to understand your treatment or to make a decision about it.

Anatomy & Pathophysiology

Bony Anatomy & Ligament Structure

  • The medial collateral ligament (MCL) originates on the medial epicondyle and inserts 7 to 10 cm below the joint line on the posterior half of the medial surface of the tibial metaphysis deep to the pes anserinus tendons [6].
  • The MCL is a long, rather narrow, well-delineated structure lying superficial to the medial capsule and capsular ligaments [6].
  • The femoral insertion site of the superficial MCL is located a mean 1.6 mm posterior and 4.9 mm proximal to the intersection between a line paralleling the posterior femoral cortex and a line drawn perpendicular to the posterior femoral cortex, where it intersects the Blumensaat line [7].
  • The medial side of the knee is described in layers: layer 1 is the deep fascia, layer 2 is the superficial MCL, and layer 3 is the joint capsule and deep MCL [2].
  • The MCL receives its blood supply from the superior medial and inferior medial geniculate arteries [2].
  • The perpendicular mean distance from the saphenous nerve to the adductor tubercle or the medial epicondyle is 5 cm or 6.1 cm, respectively [7].
  • The perpendicular mean distance of the sartorial branch of the saphenous nerve to the anterior aspect of the superficial MCL is 4.8 cm at a point 2 cm distal to the joint line, 4.1 cm at 4 cm distal to the joint line, and 3.8 cm at 6 cm distal to the joint line [7].

Static & Dynamic Stabilizers

  • The superficial MCL is the primary restraint to valgus stress [2].
  • The deep MCL and posterior oblique ligaments (POL) form the secondary restraints to valgus stress [2].
  • The semimembranosus, vastus medialis, medial retinaculum, sartorius, semimembranosus, and gracilis act as dynamic stabilizers of the medial knee [2].
  • The medial capsuloligamentous complex comprises a three-layered sleeve of static and dynamic stabilizers extending from the midline anteriorly to the midline posteriorly [3].
  • Static stabilizers of the medial knee include the superficial MCL, the posterior oblique ligament, and the deep MCL (also called the deep medial ligament or middle capsular ligament) [3].
  • Dynamic stabilizers providing abduction stability under dynamic conditions include the semimembranosus complex, the pes anserinus muscle group (sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles), the vastus medialis, and the medial retinaculum [3].
  • The superficial MCL with intact femoral and distal tibial attachments has the highest load to failure and stiffness among medial knee ligaments, followed by the POL and the deep MCL [7].

Biomechanics & Injury Mechanism

  • The main function of the medial capsuloligamentous complex is to resist valgus and external rotation loads [3].
  • The superficial MCL is the primary restraint to valgus loads at 30° of flexion [3].
  • The posterior oblique ligament, the deep MCL, and the cruciate ligaments are secondary restraints to valgus stress [3].
  • The MCL is the most commonly injured ligament in the knee [2].
  • The mechanism of MCL injury is a valgus and external rotation force to the lateral knee [2].
  • The most common injury location for the MCL is the femoral insertion, which has great healing potential [2].
  • Distal ruptures of the MCL are less common and more often lead to residual valgus laxity [2].
  • In a healthy knee, the anterior bundles of both the superficial and deep MCL elongate during knee flexion, while the posterior bundles distend with knee flexion [7].
  • The elongation of the posterior bundles of the MCL peaks at midstance and the terminal extension–preswing stance phase [7].
  • Isolated grade III superficial MCL injury in a cadaver model resulted in a mean increase of 3.2 mm in medial joint line opening [7].
  • In a cadaver model, medial joint line opening increased to 8.8 mm when the deep MCL and posterior oblique ligament were injured, and to 13.8 mm when ACL injury was added [7].
  • A cutoff distance of 3.2 mm of medial joint line opening was established as the basis for suspecting an isolated grade III superficial MCL injury [7].
  • The ultimate tensile strength of the MCL is twice that of the LCL, although there is no significant difference in stiffness between the two [7].
  • The MCL was most commonly torn at the femoral insertion site in biomechanical studies [7].
  • Only a few fibers of the MCL radiate to the medial meniscus, and meniscal displacement does not significantly differ between a healthy MCL and an MCL detached from the femoral insertion [7].

Injury Classification & Pathophysiology

  • Grade I MCL injury involves minimal torn fibers with 1 to 4 mm opening on valgus stress at 30° [2].
  • Grade II MCL injury involves partial tearing of the fibers with 5 to 10 mm laxity at 30° and a firm end point [2].
  • Grade III MCL injury is a complete tear with >10 mm opening without an end point [2].
  • Grade I MCL sprain is characterized by few torn fibers with no loss of ligamentous integrity [3].
  • Grade II MCL sprain is characterized by incomplete ligament tearing with increased joint laxity, maintenance of an end point to valgus stress at 30° of flexion, and continued fiber apposition despite partial tearing [3].
  • Grade III MCL sprain is characterized by complete ligamentous disruption resulting in gross laxity without a palpable end point to valgus stress [3].
  • Concomitant ligamentous injuries occur in 20% of grade I, 52% of grade II, and 78% of grade III MCL injuries [3].
  • Concurrent meniscal injuries have been noted in up to 5% of isolated MCL injuries [3].
  • Chronic MCL injuries may present with calcification at the insertion of the MCL on the medial femoral condyle [1].
  • A Pellegrini-Stieda lesion is a calcification at the medial femoral insertion site resulting from chronic MCL deficiency [2].
  • High-grade medial instability or an MCL tear with an associated tear of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus should raise suspicion for posteromedial corner (PMC) instability [8].
  • All patients with grade III laxity of the MCL had a complete tear of the POL and meniscotibial ligament in an MRI-based retrospective study [8].
  • All patients with injury to the posterior horn of the medial meniscus had concomitant meniscotibial ligament injury, and 67% had a tear of the POL [8].
  • 81% of patients with a confirmed knee dislocation or a knee dislocatable under anesthesia had an injury to the PMC, and 63% had a superficial MCL tear alone [8].

Clinical Presentation

Mechanism of Injury

  • MCL injuries occur after a valgus stress to the knee or a noncontact rotational injury [1].
  • Lower-grade MCL injuries typically occur in a noncontact external rotational injury [1].
  • Higher-grade MCL injuries generally involve lateral contact to the thigh or upper leg [1].

Symptoms and History

  • The location and presence of pain, instability, timing of swelling, and sensation of a “pop” or tear are important pieces of historical information [1].
  • Grade I and II MCL injuries are often more painful than complete MCL rupture [1].
  • Immediate swelling should make one suspicious for an associated cruciate ligament injury, fracture, and/or patellar dislocation [1].
  • A prior history of knee injuries or instability should always be sought when evaluating a new knee injury [1].

Physical Examination

  • Medial joint line tenderness along the course of the MCL is typical at the location of the tear [1].
  • Laxity to valgus stresses is assessed by the amount of medial joint space opening that occurs at 30 degrees of flexion [1].
  • The knee must be stressed at 30 degrees of flexion because with the knee in full extension the posterior capsule and PCL will stabilize the knee to valgus stress [1].
  • Stability to valgus stress in full extension could mislead the examiner to believe that the MCL is intact [1].
  • Zero opening is considered normal for medial joint space opening [1].
  • 1–4 mm of medial joint space opening indicates a grade I injury [1].
  • 5–9 mm of medial joint space opening indicates a grade II injury [1].
  • 10–15 mm of medial joint space opening indicates a complete or grade III injury [1].
  • Grade I and II injuries typically have a firm end point to valgus stress [1].
  • A grade III injury tends to have a soft end point to valgus stress [1].
  • Medial knee pain and instability at 30 degrees of flexion is diagnostic of MCL injury [1].
  • If opening occurs at full extension with a valgus stress, ACL or PCL injuries should be considered in addition to MCL injury [1].
  • Palpation of the patella and the medial parapatellar stabilizing ligaments should be performed in addition to patellar apprehension testing due to the frequency of coexisting patellar dislocations in MCL injuries [1].

Imaging

  • Chronic MCL injuries may have calcification at the insertion of the MCL on the medial femoral condyle [1].
  • Radiographs should be inspected for acute fracture, lateral capsular avulsion (Segond fracture), loose bodies, Pellegrini-Stieda lesion (MCL calcification), and evidence of patellar dislocation [1].
  • Stress radiographs should be obtained in patients prior to skeletal maturity to rule out an epiphyseal fracture [1].
  • MRI can be helpful in confirming diagnosis and helping to rule out concomitant meniscal injury [1].
  • MRI is useful for confirming MCL injury and identifying the site of injury [1].
  • MRI is useful to detect the presence of meniscal and other injuries to the knee [1].
  • Relative indications for an MRI include an uncertain ACL status despite multiple examinations, evaluation of a suspected meniscal tear, or preoperative evaluation for a planned MCL reconstruction or repair [1].
  • An examination under anesthesia can be valuable when physical examination is unreliable because of the patient guarding the knee [1].
  • Diagnostic arthroscopy can be used to evaluate for coexisting pathology [1].
  • Examination under anesthesia and diagnostic arthroscopy have largely been replaced by MRI [1].

Investigations

Physical Examination

  • Medial knee pain and instability at 30 degrees of flexion is diagnostic for MCL injury [1].
  • Opening at full extension with a valgus stress suggests concomitant ACL or PCL injuries in addition to MCL injury [1].
  • Laxity to valgus stress is assessed by the amount of medial joint space opening at 30 degrees of flexion [1].
  • The knee is stressed at 30 degrees of flexion because the posterior capsule and PCL stabilize the knee to valgus stress in full extension, which could mislead the examiner into believing the MCL is intact [1].
  • Zero opening to valgus stress is considered normal [1].
  • Medial joint space opening of 1–4 mm indicates a grade I MCL injury [1].
  • Medial joint space opening of 5–9 mm indicates a grade II MCL injury [1].
  • Medial joint space opening of 10–15 mm indicates a complete or grade III MCL injury [1].
  • Grade I and II MCL injuries typically have a firm end point to valgus stress [1].
  • Grade III MCL injuries tend to have a soft end point to valgus stress [1].
  • Valgus stress should be applied at both 0° and 30° of flexion [2].
  • Opening at 0° of flexion indicates a posteromedial capsular or associated cruciate (ACL/PCL) injury [2].
  • An effusion may indicate associated intra-articular pathology [2].
  • Abduction stress testing should be performed with the knee at 0° and 30° of flexion [3].
  • The superficial MCL is isolated with a valgus stress at 30° of flexion [3].
  • Pathologic laxity is indicated by the amount of increased medial joint space separation compared with the opposite, normal knee [3].
  • Grade I MCL injury is characterized by 1 to 4 mm of laxity [3].
  • Grade II MCL injury is characterized by 5 to 9 mm of laxity [3].
  • Grade III MCL injury is characterized by ≥10 mm of laxity [3].
  • Valgus laxity with the knee at or near full extension implies concurrent injury to the posteromedial capsule and/or cruciate ligaments [3].
  • Isolated laxity at 30° and stability in 0° of extension indicates either a grade I or II injury [3].
  • Combined laxity at 0° and 30° indicates a grade III injury with concurrent injury to the posteromedial capsule, and ACL or PCL combined injury should be considered [3].
  • The Lachman and anterior drawer tests should be performed to rule out an ACL injury [3].
  • The pivot shift test often has false-negative results in the presence of a grade III MCL sprain [3].
  • A PCL injury is assessed by palpation of the tibial-condylar step-off and by the posterior drawer test (both performed at 90° of flexion), the quadriceps-active test, and observation of posterior tibial sag [3].
  • Patellar apprehension and tenderness over the patella and medial retinaculum indicate possible patellar dislocation or subluxation [3].
  • Diagnosis of an isolated medial meniscal injury is suggested by medial joint line tenderness, the absence of pain to valgus stress, and increased pain on flexion-rotation testing (McMurray test) [3].

Imaging

  • Plain radiographs should be performed to rule out fracture [2].
  • A Pellegrini-Stieda lesion can be seen on radiographs, which is a calcification at the medial femoral insertion site resulting from chronic MCL deficiency [2].
  • MRI is not routinely necessary unless concomitant injuries are suspected [2].
  • Plain radiographs are typically normal but should be inspected for fractures, lateral capsular avulsions (Segond fracture associated with an ACL tear), and Pellegrini-Stieda lesions (indicative of prior MCL injury) [3].
  • Stress radiographs may be indicated in skeletally immature patients to rule out a physeal injury [3].
  • MRI has become the imaging modality of choice to evaluate the injured MCL [3].
  • MRI advantages include identifying the location and extent of injury and ruling out associated meniscal, chondral, and cruciate ligament injuries [3].
  • MRI disadvantages include being expensive, reader-dependent, and potentially overestimating the degree of injury [3].

Treatment

Non-Operative Management

  • Nonoperative treatment using a hinged knee brace is highly successful in alleviating isolated MCL injuries [4].
  • Clinical work has shown the advantage of nonoperative treatment (bracing) for an associated MCL injury in patients undergoing an ACL reconstruction [4].
  • Prophylactic bracing may be helpful for football players, especially interior linemen [4].
  • Pellegrini-Stieda syndrome, which can occur with chronic MCL injury, usually responds to a brief period of immobilization followed by progressive motion [4].

Operative Management

  • Advancement and reinforcement of the ligament are rarely necessary for chronic injuries that do not respond to conservative treatment [4].
  • Distal (tibia-side) injuries have less healing potential than proximal (femur-side) injuries [4].
  • The management algorithm for isolated grade III MCL injury or MCL with associated injuries includes MRI, rehabilitation, and physical therapy to regain motion [4].
  • The management algorithm for femoral avulsion involves MCL repair or reconstruction [4].
  • The management algorithm for tibial avulsion involves MCL repair or reconstruction [4].
  • The management algorithm for ACL/MCL injuries involves ACL reconstruction and rehabilitation to regain full range of motion [4].

References

[1] A Lange Medical Book Current Diagnosis Treatment In Orthopedics Fifth Edition. 3Sports Medicine > 1. Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries.

[2] Orthopaedic Knowledge Update 13 Ebook Without Multimedia. Soft-­Tissue Injuries About the Knee > Medial Collateral Ligament.

[3] Aaos Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review 3. Ligamentous Injuries of the Knee > III. Medial Collateral Ligament and Posteromedial Corner Injuries.

[4] Miller S Review Of Orthopaedics. SECTION 16 PATELLAR TRACKING IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY > 3. MCL injury.

[6] Campbell S Operative Orthopaedics 4 Volume Set. MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT.

[7] Orthopaedic Knowledge Update Sports Medicine 6. Collateral Ligament Injuries > The Medial Collateral Ligament > Anatomy and Biomechanics.

[8] Orthopaedic Knowledge Update Sports Medicine 6. Collateral Ligament Injuries > The Medial Collateral Ligament > PMC and Other Combined Injuries.

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c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.

For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.

Section 5 -- Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.

a. UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS AND AS-AVAILABLE, AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND CONCERNING THE LICENSED MATERIAL, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHER. THIS INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS, ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT KNOWN OR DISCOVERABLE. WHERE DISCLAIMERS OF WARRANTIES ARE NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

b. TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN NO EVENT WILL THE LICENSOR BE LIABLE TO YOU ON ANY LEGAL THEORY (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY, OR OTHER LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS PUBLIC LICENSE OR USE OF THE LICENSED MATERIAL, EVEN IF THE LICENSOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES. WHERE A LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.

Section 6 -- Term and Termination.

a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.

b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:

1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or

2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.

For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.

c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.

d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.

Section 7 -- Other Terms and Conditions.

a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.

b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.

Section 8 -- Interpretation.

a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.

b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.

c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.

d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.

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