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Elbow

Elbow problems grouped by theme — tennis and golfer's elbow, nerve compression, tendon ruptures, fractures and stiffness — with each condition beside the operation that treats it.

Understanding your elbow

آپ کی کہنی کیسے کام کرتی ہے Elbow anatomy: understanding the humerus, radius, and ulna – key to understanding elbow function and injury. Open → کہنی کی آرتھروسکوپی (Elbow Arthroscopy) Open →

Tennis & golfer's elbow

ٹینس ایلبو (Tennis Elbow) Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) — causes, symptoms, and conservative treatment options for pain relief. Open → ٹینس ایلبو ریلیز کا آپریشن Tennis elbow release surgery — for persistent pain despite physiotherapy and other conservative treatments. Open → گالفرز ایلبو (کہنی کے اندر کی طرف درد) Golfer’s elbow (medial epicondylitis) — causes, symptoms, and conservative treatment options. Open → گالفرز ایلبو کا آپریشن (ٹینڈن کو ڈھیلا کرنا) Open →

Nerve compression

کیوبیٹل ٹنل سنڈروم Cubital tunnel syndrome causes ulnar nerve compression at the elbow — symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Open → کیوبیٹل ٹنل ریلیز Cubital tunnel release relieves ulnar nerve compression—addressing numbness/weakness in the ring & little fingers. Open → ریڈیل ٹنل سنڈروم (Radial Tunnel Syndrome) Radial tunnel syndrome — causes forearm pain, weakness straightening fingers, and is distinct from tennis elbow. Open → ریڈیل ٹنل ریلیز (Radial Tunnel Release) Radial tunnel release relieves pain from PIN compression – distinct from tennis elbow, and how surgery helps. Open → پرونیٹر، لیسرٹس اور اینٹیریئر انٹرآسیئس عصب کے سنڈروم (Pronator, lacertus and anterior interosseous nerve syndromes) Median nerve trouble high in the forearm — forearm aching with hand tingling (pronator) or weakness pinching the thumb and index (AIN), and how each is treated. Open → پرونیٹر اور اے آئی این کا دباؤ ختم کرنے کا آپریشن (Pronator and AIN release) Open →

Tendon ruptures

کہنی کے پاس بائسیپس ٹینڈن کا پھٹنا (Distal Biceps Rupture) Distal biceps rupture causes sudden elbow pain, bruising, and weakness—often needing surgical repair. Open → کہنی کے پاس بائسیپس ٹینڈن کی مرمت (Distal Biceps Repair) Distal biceps rupture repair — restoring elbow flexion strength and addressing the “Popeye” deformity. Open → کہنی کے پاس ٹرائسیپس ٹینڈن کا پھٹنا (Distal Triceps Tendon Rupture) A rare tear of the triceps tendon at the back of the elbow — how to spot it, who is at risk, and why complete tears usually need early repair. Open → کہنی کے پاس ٹرائسیپس ٹینڈن کی مرمت (Distal Triceps Repair) Open →

Fractures, dislocation & instability

ریڈیل ہیڈ کا فریکچر (Radial head fracture) Radial head fractures — Mason classification, conservative management, and indications for fixation or replacement. Open → ریڈیل ہیڈ کی تبدیلی (Radial head replacement) Open → کہنی کی نوک کا فریکچر (Olecranon Fracture) Olecranon fractures — patterns, non-operative care, and tension-band or plate fixation. Open → کہنی کی نوک کے فریکچر کو جوڑنے کا آپریشن (ORIF) Open → کہنی کے اوپر بازو کی ہڈی کا فریکچر (Distal Humerus Fracture) Open → بازو کے نچلے حصے کی ہڈیوں کے فریکچر (بشمول مونٹیجیا اور گلیازی) Open → کہنی کا ڈھیلا پن (Elbow Instability) Elbow ligamentous and bony instability, including dislocation and the terrible-triad pattern. Open → النر کولیٹرل لیگامنٹ کی چوٹ (ٹومی جان چوٹ) The medial elbow ligament injury of throwers — how it presents, when rehab is enough, and what Tommy John reconstruction involves. Open → کہنی کے لیگامنٹ کی دوبارہ تعمیر (جوڑ کو مستحکم کرنا) Open →

Arthritis, stiffness & cartilage

کہنی کے جوڑ کا گھسنے والا آرتھرائٹس Osteoarthritis of the elbow — primary and post-traumatic, conservative and surgical options. Open → کہنی کی تبدیلی کا آپریشن (Elbow Arthroplasty) Total elbow replacement — indications, implants, and recovery. Open → اکڑی ہوئی کہنی کو کھولنے کا آپریشن (Arthrolysis) Open → کہنی کی کیپیٹیلم ہڈی کا اوسٹیوکونڈرائٹس ڈسیکنز A lateral elbow joint-surface problem in young throwers and gymnasts — how it is found, when it heals with rest, and when surgery is needed. Open →

Bursitis

کہنی کے برسا کی سوزش (Olecranon Bursitis) Olecranon bursitis — causes, symptoms, and when to seek urgent medical attention for infection. Open → کہنی کے برسا کو نکالنے کا آپریشن (Bursectomy) What olecranon bursectomy involves, why it is a last resort, and the honest wound-healing and recurrence picture. Open →

Recovery and rehabilitation

آپ کی سرجری کا دن What to expect on the day of day-case upper-limb surgery, from arrival and meeting the team to waking up and going home. Open → آپ کے زخم کا معائنہ اور ٹانکے نکالنا What happens at the post-op wound check, dissolvable vs removable stitches, what removal feels like, and when to seek help sooner. Open → آپ کے کندھے کا اعصابی بلاک The nerve block we use for shoulder surgery — how it numbs your arm, why it controls pain so well, and what to expect as it wears off. Open → آپریشن کے بعد قبض اور معدے کی دیکھ بھال Why constipation is common after surgery (especially with strong painkillers) and how to prevent and manage it. Open → اپنے زخم کی دیکھ بھال Dressings, showering, and signs of infection after upper-limb surgery. Open → اپنے زخم کے نشان کی دیکھ بھال Massage, silicone, sun protection and the 12-month timeline for surgical scars to soften and fade. Open → بازو کی سلنگ پہننا اور اس کے ساتھ سونا How to sleep in an arm sling, get the sling position right, and look after it after shoulder, elbow or wrist surgery, including whether to keep the sling on overnight. Open → ذہن، ذہنی دباؤ اور صحت یابی How stress, low mood, anxiety and worry about pain affect recovery and surgical outcomes — and what helps. Open → سرجری سے پہلے خالی پیٹ رہنا: آپ کیا کھا پی سکتے ہیں، اور کیوں Why you must stop eating before an anaesthetic, when you can still sip water, and what can happen if you do not fast. The clear fasting rules that keep your stomach empty and your lungs safe during surgery. Open → سرجری کی تیاری General checklist for the days before upper-limb surgery — fasting, what to bring, medications. Open → سرجری کے بعد درد پر قابو پانا What pain to expect, how to use pain relief well, and when to call. Open → سرجری کے بعد سوجن اور عضو کو اونچا رکھنا Why a hand or arm swells after surgery, how elevation and gentle movement control it, and when swelling is a warning sign. Open → سرجری کے بعد ہوائی سفر اور سفر Clot risk, cast tightness at altitude, fitness to fly and the practicalities of travelling after upper-limb surgery. Open → سرجری کے دوران خون پتلا کرنے والی دوائیں How anticoagulants and antiplatelets work, and why the timing of stopping each before surgery differs — platelet turnover, half-lives and clot risk. Open → صحت یابی کے لیے اچھی غذا Everyday food to support recovery after surgery — protein, energy, healing vitamins, and preventing constipation. Open → نیند، درد اور صحت یابی How sleep and pain affect each other, why surgery and shoulder problems disturb sleep, and what helps you rest and recover. Open → کام پر واپسی When you can return to desk, light, and heavy work after upper-limb surgery. Open → کندھے اور بازو کی سرجری کے بعد گاڑی چلانا: کب یہ محفوظ اور قانونی ہے؟ After most shoulder surgery, including rotator cuff repair, you usually cannot drive for about six weeks, and not while your arm is in a sling. When it is safe and legal to get back to the wheel after hand, wrist, elbow or shoulder surgery. Open → کندھے کی سرجری کے بعد روزمرہ زندگی Washing, dressing, sleeping and managing day-to-day with the operated arm in a sling after shoulder surgery. Open → کندھے کی سرجری کے بعد میلاٹونن Why we prescribe melatonin after shoulder surgery, what the trial evidence shows, the dose we use, and what to expect from it. Open → کھیل میں واپسی Phased return to sport after upper-limb surgery, and when contact sport is safe again. Open → کیا میرے زخم میں انفیکشن ہے؟ How to tell normal healing from a wound infection after surgery — the warning signs and when to seek help. Open → گرمی یا برف When ice helps, when heat helps, and how to use either safely on the upper limb. Open → گھر پر خون کے لوتھڑوں سے بچاؤ Reducing the risk of deep vein thrombosis after upper-limb surgery — mobilisation, hydration, medication. Open → گھر پر پلستر اور اسپلنٹ کی دیکھ بھال Looking after a plaster or splint at home — keeping it dry, elevation, keeping joints moving, and the urgent signs of a too-tight cast. Open → ہاتھ، کلائی یا کہنی کی سرجری کے بعد روزمرہ زندگی Keeping a hand or wrist dressing dry, elevation to control swelling, and one-handed living after hand, wrist or elbow surgery. Open → ہینڈ تھراپی کی بنیادی باتیں What to expect from hand therapy, how often you'll go, and what good rehab looks like. Open →

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